The following is a reply from the Dominion Chairman of the Monarchist League of Canada, Mr. John Aimers:VANCOUVER - It would be easy for Canada to ditch the royals and become a republic, one of this country's foremost constitutional experts argues in an upcoming book.
The opinion from lawyer and former Liberal MP Edward McWhinney comes a week after Prince Charles, the heir to the throne, proposed to his longtime mistress Camilla Parker Bowles. Ms. Parker Bowles is a controversial figure widely suspected of undermining Charles's marriage to the late Diana. Princess of Wales.
Of course, from a Canadian government perspective, it's hardly relevant to contemplate the couple's personal past. Rather, the key question is -- has this nation matured sufficiently to merit its own head of state rather than a titular one residing on another continent? It's widely believed no government would rock the boat as long as the Queen occupies the throne. But when she abdicates or dies, the matter will doubtless be ripe for debate.
In a book to be titled The Governor General and the Prime Ministers, Mr. McWhinney, a retired political scientist in Vancouver and former president of the prestigious Geneva-based Institute of International Law, lays out the surprisingly simple legal procedure for phasing out the monarchy in Canada. He asserts the Constitution, being a living tree -- as it was recently described by the Supreme Court -- evolves not merely through use of the amending formula.
Those up on matters constitutional will know that amending Canada's Constitution is a virtual impossibility because the Senate, Commons and all provincial and territorial legislatures would have to sing in unison on the topic. That is very unlikely to happen. A more practical and viable strategy, argues Mr. McWhinney, would be for the federal government to act "more subtly and by indirection, through creating new glosses on the Law of the Constitution as written, without formally amending it." That is, a future government of Canada would, after the Queen ends her reign, cut ties with the monarchy "quietly and without fanfare by simply failing legally to proclaim any successor to the Queen in relation to Canada."
At present, the monarch has no duties in Canada beyond the honorific function of approving the choice of governor general every five years. "It would be easy enough to do everything in Canada from now on, and to have the prime minister's choice formally approved by cabinet." For that matter, cabinet could approve the people's choice of head of state, should it be decided the best way to pick that person is by way of a popular vote.
"It is difficult to imagine," writes Mr. McWhinney, "that anyone in Great Britain -- the British government, and certainly the Queen herself -- would be upset by that, so long as it was all done politely and in good will." The "Office of the Queen" would thus remain in the Constitution, but "would remain inactive and, like very many other historically spent sections of the Constitution Act, wither away and lapse by constitutional convention."
Mr. McWhinney says it's unthinkable any Supreme Court "would grant standing to sue and agree to hear any legal objection from anyone in Canada trying to make a constitutional issue out of what would be, in the end, a highly political decision." Membership in the Commonwealth need not be affected.
Mr. McWhinney is keen to have Canadians start discussing whether the monarchy is still relevant here. It's a discussion the Toronto-based Citizens for a Canadian Republic (www.canadian.republic.ca) is certainly anxious to see. The three-year- old group favours an elected Canadian head of state.
On hearing about Charles and Camilla's engagement, the lobby group issued a news release urging citizens to turn their attention to the monarchy issue. It would like to see an all-party parliamentary committee to explore the issue. "Otherwise, Canada could face the very real future possibility of having Charles imposed on Canada as head of state ... before a dialogue is completed on whether this is in Canada's best interests as an independent nation." [Emphasis added]
Professor McWhinney is free to advance the Manley agenda and advocate a Canadian republic, but he is naive and mistaken to imagine this fundamental change to our governance could happen "quietly and without fanfare" by Ottawa's merely refusing to proclaim Charles King at the time of our Queen's death.Indeed. I could not have said it better myself.
What makes McWhinney imagine that the provinces - who derive their powers in Confederation from The Crown, represented by their Lieutenant Governors, would passively accept such an extra-legal power grab by the feds ?
Does he think Canadians are so supine as to allow Ottawa to resort to technical machinations rather than to insist on debating the issue openly and resolving it through the processes entrenched in the Constitution ?
Speaking of The Constitution Act, 1867, Sections 9 and 17 are prescriptive, not permissive. Executive government in Canada is "vested in The Queen"; Parliament consists of "The Queen" and its two chambers.
Academics do a great deal of mischief by suggesting such outlandish theories. Ottawa may continue to misrepresent the Governor General as Head of State, draft legislation to establish a Council of State, remove the Crown as a symbol wherever possible and seek legal by-ways to concentrate all power in the hands of the political elite; but an inquisitive public's respect for the rule of law - and loyalty to the Crown - will not smooth their way down this most dangerous path.
AND WHEREAS a defeat for monarchy
and for the people in any one Realm, is a defeat for monarchy and for all our peoples in all our Realms, we do hereby mutually proclaim therefore that any further
acts of disloyalty carried out against our peoples as represented by their Sovereign, or any further encroachment by the political elite on their residual powers of State,
or any further attempts to undermine the legitimacy, independence and dignity of their office, shall no longer be tolerated with gradualist abandonment,
but fought vigilantly and honourably with dutiful obligation, bound by our undying affection, loyal devotion and true allegiance to Her Majesty, Queen Elizabeth II,
Her Heirs and Successors.
WHEREAS by the law and ancient usage of this Realm, the Kings and Queens thereof have taken a solemn oath upon the Evangelists at their respective coronations,
to maintain the statutes, laws, and customs of the said Realm, and all the people and inhabitants thereof, in their spiritual and civil rights and properties:
but forasmuch as the oath itself on such occasion administered, hath heretofore been framed in doubtful words and expressions, with relation to ancient laws
and constitutions at this time unknown: to the end therefore that one uniform oath may be in all times to come taken by the Kings and Queens of this Realm,
and to them respectively administered at the times of their and every of their coronation: may it please your Majesties that it may be enacted:
II. And be it enacted by the King's and Queen's most excellent majesties, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal,
and the Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, That the oath herein mentioned, and hereafter expressed,
shall and may be administered to their most excellent majesties King William and Queen Mary (whom God long preserve) at the time of their coronation,
in the presence of all persons that shall be then and there present at the solemnizing thereof, by the Archbishop of Canterbury, or the Archbishop of York,
or either of them, or any other bishop of this Realm, whom the King's majesty shall thereunto appoint, and who shall be hereby thereunto respectively authorized;
which oath followeth, and shall be administered in this manner; that is to say,
III. [Inserting for Section III of the Act the 1689 oath taken by Her Majesty The Queen on Tuesday, 2 June 1953 amid great public rejoicing]
Archbishop: Madam, is your Majesty willing to take the Oath?
The Queen: I am willing.
Archbishop: Will you solemnly promise and swear to govern the Peoples of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Canada, Australia, New Zealand,
the Union of South Africa, Pakistan, and Ceylon, and of your Possessions and the other Territories to any of them belonging or pertaining, according to their respective
laws and customs?
The Queen: I solemnly promise so to do.
Archbishop: Will you to your power cause Law and Justice, in Mercy, to be executed
in all your judgements?
The Queen: I will.
Archbishop: Will you to the utmost of your power maintain the Laws of God and the true profession
of the Gospel? Will you to the utmost of your power maintain in the United Kingdom the Protestant Reformed Religion established by law? Will you maintain and preserve
inviolably the settlement of the Church of England, and the doctrine, worship, discipline, and government thereof, as by law established in England? And will you preserve
unto the Bishops and Clergy of England, and to the Churches there committed to their charge, all such rights and privileges, as by law do or shall appertain to them
or any of them?
The Queen: All this I promise to do.
Then the Queen arising out of her Chair, supported as before, the Sword of State being
carried before her, shall go to the Altar, and make her solemn Oath in the sight of all the people to observe the premisses: laying her right hand upon the Holy Gospel
in the great Bible (which was before carried in the procession and is now brought from the Altar by the Arch-bishop, and tendered to her as she kneels upon the steps),
and saying these words:
The Queen: The things which I have here before promised, I will perform and keep. So help me God.
IV. And be it enacted, That the said oath shall be in like manner administered to every King and Queen, who shall succeed to the imperial crown of this Realm,
at their respective coronations, by one of the archbishops or bishops of this Realm of England, for the time being, to be thereunto appointed by such King or Queen
respectively, and in the presence of all persons that shall be attending, assisting, or otherwise present at such their respective coronations; any law, statute,
or usage to the contrary notwithstanding.
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