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Thursday, November 17, 2005
The death of Bloody Mary

Actes and Monuments of these latter and perilous Dayes, touching matters of the Church, wherein are comprehended and described the great Persecution and horrible Troubles that have been wrought and practised by the Romishe Prelates, especiallye in this Realme of England and Scotland, from the yeare of our Lorde a thousande to the time now present.

Title of the Immensely Influential “Book of Martyrs”
By John Foxe (1516-1587)


On this day 447 years ago, November 17, 1558, Mary I, Queen of England and Ireland (not to be confused with Mary, Queen of Scots who lived at the same time) died, and with it one of the bloodiest reigns of Tudor England. In the short five years of her sovereignty, almost three hundred prominent Protestant dissenters were executed (burnt at the stake), twice as many as had suffered the same fate during the previous century and a half of English history, and at a greater rate than under the contemporary Spanish Inquisition. Mary Tudor and her policy of religious persecution were later vilified by John Foxe’s Book of Martyrs, whose work became hugely popular and influential in reversing this policy and cementing England as a firmly Protestant country.

Had Mary lived as long as her half-sister and successor to the throne, Elizabeth I, Great Britain today would no doubt be a Catholic nation. Queen Elizabeth’s reign, after all, lasted seven times longer. In reversing Mary’s puritanical Catholic policy, Elizabeth ended up executing just as many Catholics (Mary, Queen of Scots being only the most famous) as Mary, Protestants, but over a much longer period of time (it must be remembered that some of these were actually traitors though thanks to Elizabeth’s spymaster, Sir Francis Walsingham). It was the great Elizabethan age that firmly implanted Protestantism throughout England, for which no subsequent Catholic monarch could counter, Charles I failed attempt of course being the most famous of these.

So if you're not too busy tonight, stop by the local pub and ask the bartender to pour you a Bloody Mary. Remember, for all of our days of yore lamenting, there are worse fates than being stuck in a fanatically unbelieving age.

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